Should your hairdresser screen you for skin cancer?

NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - Next time you get a haircut, you might end up with something you didn't expect: a referral to a dermatologist.

A survey of Texas hair salons out today found more than a third of stylists check at least half of their customers for suspicious moles on the scalp, and most have referred people to a doctor lest the mole turn out to be skin cancer.

What's more, half the hairdressers were keen to learn more about skin cancer to help extend the reach of doctors screening for the disease, according to findings in the Archives of Dermatology.

"What we would like to do in the next couple of years is to train as many hair professionals as possible," said Alan Geller, of Harvard's School of Public Health in Boston, who led the new work. "We think this holds a lot of promise."

He's not the only one hoping to spread the gospel of modern medicine through hair salons and barbershops, whose clientele might not otherwise see a health provider.

In 2008, for instance, a foundation sponsored by the Abbott Fund began offering free diabetes and high-blood pressure screening at black-owned barbershops in New York City.

A study from last year showed such an approach may help rein in uncontrolled blood pressure, and cancer researchers have also found barbershops to be promising venues for disease-awareness campaigns.

But other experts aren't convinced that "only your hairdresser knows for sure."

"As a rule, you should do what you're good at," said Dr. Martin Glud, a dermatologist at Bispebjerg Hospital in Copenhagen, Denmark. "If you're a hairdresser, that's cutting hair, with all due respect."

Earlier this year, Glud published a study showing that while the rates of melanoma -- the deadliest form of skin cancer -- have shot up recently, the disease's death toll has barely increased.

That indicates that at least in some cases, the additional tumors being diagnosed wouldn't have gone on to kill the person.

"Some believe the rise in melanomas is really a sign of overdiagnosis," Glud told Reuters Health.

About one in 50 white Americans born today will get melanoma at some point during their life, according to the American Cancer Society. The group estimates that roughly 8,800 will die from the disease in 2011.

Because melanomas are so rare -- particularly on the neck and scalp -- and moles are very common, Glud worries that hairdressers might sound a lot of false alarms, contributing to the problem of overdiagnosis.

"It's a slippery slope," he said.

Geller acknowledged that having hair salons double as screening centers could end up taxing scarce health care resources.

"We would need to make sure that this doesn't lead to a tremendous drain for the health care system," he cautioned.

Suspicious moles are those that itch, bleed, change color or grow asymmetrically. A dermatologist may choose to biopsy such a mole and remove it if cancer is found. That can leave a scar, and may require a skin graft in the case of larger tumors.

Geller, who polled 203 hair professionals from a chain of 17 salons in the Houston area, said there is "circumstantial evidence" that screening for skin cancer saves lives. But he acknowledged there are no direct experiments to prove that point.

As a result, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, a federally appointed expert panel, says there is too little data to balance the harms and benefits of skin cancer screening at the doctor's office, let alone hair salons.

"I certainly can't support the implication of this study that we should be training hairdressers to do skin screenings," said Dr. Michael LeFevre from the task force.

But he added that doesn't mean they shouldn't point to moles their customers might not have noticed themselves.

"To raise the individual's awareness that there is something there is not inappropriate," he told Reuters Health. "That is different from referring them to the doctor."

SOURCE: http://bit.ly/aAdwaR Archives of Dermatology, October 17, 2011.